A Comprehensive Study of Medical Image Analysis

Modern medicine has become reliant on medical imaging. The application of computer has proved to be an emerging technique in medical imaging and medical image analysis. Each level of analysis requires an effective algorithm as well as methods in order to generate an accurate and reliable result. Different modalities, such as X-Ray, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, Computed tomography (CT), etc. are used for both diagnoses as well as therapeutic purposes in which it provides as much information about the patient as possible. Medical image processing includes image fusion, matching or warping which is the task of image registration. Medical image analysis includes Image enhancement, segmentation, quantification, registration, which is the most predominant ways to analyze the image. There are various difficulties in medical image processing and subsequent stages like image enhancement and its restoration; segmentation of features; registration and fusion of multimodality images; classification of medical images; image features measurement and analysis and assessment of measurement and development of integrated medical imaging systems for the medical field. In this paper, the techniques used in medical image analysis have been reviewed and discussed extensively. The vital goal of this review is to identify the current state of the art of medical image analysis methods as a reference paradigm in order to accelerate the performance of existing methods.