A Manet-Based Emergency Communication System for Environmental Hazards Using Opportunistic Routing

Environmental hazard is very challenging when it comes to providing support to the affected areas due to the lack of effective communication. Communication infrastructures such as cellular networks might be destroyed, disabled, partially accessible, or deliberately shut down during environmental hazards. As a result, hundreds of people die before they have a chance to be saved. This paper proposes an emergency management system using a network of mobile devices that can be implemented in areas affected by disasters. Both stranded survivors and rescue teams can use this technology. The proposed system provides an emergency communication network when all modes of communication infrastructure are broken down. For path discovery and message transmission, a wireless self-organized, opportunistic routing protocol is also proposed.