Minimizing Distribution System Power Loss Using Behind-the-Meter Type 3 Generators

This paper considers power loss reduction in distribution systems by integrating behind-the-meter, type 3 distributed generation (DG) sources. Power loss is estimated using the forward/backward sweep (FBS) method, and the loss reduction is maximized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Power factor, and DG location and size are used as optimization parameters. The IEEE 33 bus distribution system and PSS SIN-CAL software are used to evaluate the proposed solution. Results presented show that for the same DG penetration in a distribution system, behind-the-meter, type 3 DG sources can significantly reduce power loss. Thus, utilities not only benefit from investment cost savings but also higher efficiency in their distribution systems. Therefore, utilities could give more subsidy to the customers to encourage installing DG sources in optimal locations. DG sources are typically renewable energy sources, so environmental concerns are also mitigated.