A Distributed-to-Centralized Smart Technology Management (D2C-STM) model for Smart Cities: a Use Case in the Zero Emission Neighborhoods

Smart city solutions propose an essential technological innovation in a city. These solutions can elevate their citizens' quality of life by multiple different smart technology management models among end-users, city planners, and technological devices, such as resource management, data management, service management, and network management. There are several works to suggest models for smart technology management, Centralized and Distributed-to-Centralized smart technology management. The Distributed-to-Centralized smart technology management (D2C-STM) model can make several advantages from the combined benefits of distributed (e.g., Fog and cloudlet) and centralized (e.g., Cloud) technologies, such as decreasing network traffics, and enhancing the security levels. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive D2C-STM model for smart cities from small to large city scale. Then, we extend our proposed ICT architecture for the Zero Emission Neighborhoods (ZEN) center. For this purpose, we tailor the idea of D2C-STM model with the ZEN Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and their requirements. Finally, we implement a part of the ZEN ICT architecture. The focus of this implementation is to design the frontend and visualizations of the ZEN KPIs.