Reliability Index based Approach for Allocating EV Charging Station in a Distribution System

Integration of large number of Electric Vehicles (EVs) into the power grid is detrimental for distribution system operations. The arbitrary installation of EV Charging Station (EVCS) deteriorates the reliability of the distribution system and leads to the utility dissatisfaction. This paper presents a novel strategy for proper allocation of EVCS in a distribution system without affecting the system performance. This work describes the modelling of a fast charging EVCS with Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) feature. The test station developed with 5 EVs is based on the realistic values of a charging station as prescribed in the Government of India EV policy. A real charging system case, as notified in the EV policy for DC charging control is considered. The charging station is integrated into the grid through a common DC bus where multiple EVs are connected. The control of each EV is localized and independent control is provided for the power exchange between the AC grid and DC bus. Further analysis is performed on EVCS placement in the IEEE-33 bus radial distribution system for six different test scenarios. The test result verifies the effectiveness of reliability index based approach for allocation of EVCS in a distribution system.