Grid-to-Vehicle Smart Charging Strategies for Electric Vehicles Aggregator: A Review and Outlook

Greenhouse gas emission concerns and fossil fuel depletion are drivers for electrification of transportation. To alleviate these emissions requires renewable energy-based charging of EVs. Intermittent nature of renewable generation as well as charging behavior of EV owners may pose operational challenges to the system operator (SO) and might threaten system security and reliability. Synergetic integration of these two technologies might overcome the intermittency issue of renewables. Intermittent charging could be reduced by controlling the driving behavior of EV owners and performing their grid-to-vehicle (G2V) operational scheduling. EV Aggregator (EVA) as a G2V scheduling coordinator negotiates on behalf of EV owners. Pragmatic G2V scheduling is significantly influenced by EV profile information. This requires to develop smart charging strategies for satisfying concerns of SO & EV owners. This paper provides insight into existing EV charging strategies for EVA. This study explores possible implications for efficient charging strategies for EVA considering future power system. Finding delineates that dynamic smart charging strategy could provide significant benefits to EV owners, SO, and EVA simultaneously. However, smart coordination among these entities is a key requirement.