Comprehensive Study of Various Routing Protocols in VANET

The abrupt change in demand of internet services has motivated our vehicular wireless network also termed as Vehicular Ad-Hoc network. In Vehicular Ad-hoc network, nodes or vehicles can directly communicate to each other because no central management unit is present in it. With the massive development in wireless technology, VANET has grasped the interest of the researchers. VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc network) in basic is a sub-part of MANET (Mobile Ad hoc network) but it becomes specialized because of its exceptional properties (high mobility, dynamic topology). An efficient data transfer between vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to fixed infrastructure (V2F) is possible by having reliable data transmission without any failure and this can be performed by choosing the right routing protocol which will help in finding the optimal route from host to target. In this paper numerous routing protocols of VANET are reviewed and summarized on ground of their strengths and limitations.