Study on the k-Connectivity of Ultraviolet Communication Network under Uniform Distribution of Nodes in a Circular Region

In the practical applications of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) ultraviolet (UV) communication networks, it is necessary and important to set the transceiver elevation angle, and to achieve better network connectivity. In this manuscript, the relationship between the transceiver elevation angles and the communication radii of the UAV nodes is investigated, the connection between the transceiver elevation angles and the network connectivity is established, and then the effects of node density, transmission power and data rate on the connectivity probability of k-connected networks (k=1, 2) are respectively analyzed and numerically researched in the three types of UV non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication modes. The results show that the smaller the transceiver angle is, the larger the node communication radius is. Under the same conditions, the connectivity probability of NLOS (c) communication mode is higher than that of NLOS (a) and (b) modes. When the transmitting end elevation angle is the same and the receiving end elevation angle is 50° in NLOS (c) mode, the network can still achieve a higher connectivity probability under the condition of lower node density or transmission power. In addition, the specific parameter settings of the 2-connected network with better robustness are given, which can provide the reference and guidance for practical applications.