Modeling of aggregated wind power generation’s active participation to system frequency regulation

According to today’s system planning approach and grid codes regarding power system’s secure operation, the system’s primary frequency reserve is sized to cover the most critical instantaneous incident, i.e., the loss of the largest online power plant. Along with the process of low-carbon energy transition worldwide, however, the increasing renewable share in power system is displacing those conventional generation fleets, leading to the reduction on system inertia and spinning reserve quantity. Certain transmission system operators (TSOs) and market regulators in different countries have requested the newly connected wind turbine generations (WTGs) to have the ability of providing primary frequency support in order to ensure system security in the case of lacking system reserve capacity, particularly during the periods with very high renewable penetration level. This paper presents a methodology of modeling aggregated active behaviors of wind power generation’s primary frequency response, which could be applied in further planning and operation studies regarding bulk power system dynamic analysis.