Power Minimization in Wireless Sensor Networks With Constrained AoI Using Stochastic Optimization

In this paper, we consider a system where multiple low-power sensors communicate timely information about a random process to a sink. The sensors share orthogonal subchannels to transmit such information in the form of status update packets. Freshness of the sensors' information at the sink is characterized by the Age of Information (AoI), and the sensors can control the sampling policy by deciding whether to take a sample or not. We formulate an optimization problem to minimize the time average total transmit power of sensors by jointly optimizing the sampling action of each sensor, the transmit power allocation, and the subchannel assignment under the constraints on the maximum time average AoI and maximum power of each sensor. To solve the optimization problem, we use the Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty method. Numerical results show the performance of the proposed algorithm versus the different parameters of the system.