IoT Enabled Smart Water Distribution and Underground Pipe Health Monitoring Architecture for Smart Cities

The traditional water distribution and management system we use is more than ten decades old. The integration of information and communication technology into the traditional system has resulted in the development of smart water management system.Various technologies are being applied to the smart water management system towards monitoring and sensing of water leakages, theft and distribution. There is a very less impact of supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) at the pump house level which indicates that less monitoring is done on the distribution side. The emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) has facilitated connecting huge number of monitoring devices through internet which would be more helpful in the automation of water distribution and leakage monitoring. So accordingly, an IoT based smart water distribution and monitoring system for a smart city is proposed with the integration of fog which will take care of the consumer utilization, water theft detection, water quality control, fault prediction and fault localization. These operations of the system are supported by fog and Cloud computing towards achieving effective control action.