An Analysis of the state-of-the-art in Energy Efficient Localization Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a particular kind of wireless network which consists of small miniaturized sensors that sense, collect, process and transmit various types of data from the area of interest. The sensors can be deployed in any desired manner to cover the environment of interest altogether. It is essential to know the location of sensor nodes for many applications. Such knowledge can be achieved using localization techniques in WSN. It is highly desired to design inexpensive, flexible, and energy-efficient localization schemes for WSNs. Moreover, location accuracy and energy consumption of a node should be balanced simultaneously. Many research attempts have been made in the past and are still going on to achieve this goal. In this paper, we comprehensively survey some of the latest and leading research in efficient localization techniques in terms of both energy consumption and location accuracy to identify and analyze their advantages and limitations. Likewise, we will be able to find out future research directions in this field.