A Low Profile Pentagonal Shape Zeroth Order Resonator Antenna for $K_{a}$ Band Applications

A pentagon shape omni directional patch antenna based on the concept of Zeroth Order Resonator (ZOR) is presented in this paper and this is achieved by implementing Composite Right-left Handed (CRLH) approach in Transmission Line (TL). The resonance yields a relatively low profile antenna having an overall dimension of 5 mm × 5 mm. The proposed ZOR antenna is simulated at 34.2 GHz and achieves bandwidth of 2.41 GHz (32.98-35.39 GHz). The Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) comes to be 1.006 in the operating frequency which indicates good impedance matching characteristics. The design uses FR4 (εr=4.4) as a substrate with thickness 1.6 mm. The antenna reported is working within Ka band spectra which is built to support the higher bandwidth at low cost and find application in satellite communications, close range radars with high resolution, space telescope and will be used in International Maritime Satellite Iridium next series of satellites.