Study on Deep Cryogenic Treated-Tempered WC-CO insert in turning of AISI 1040 steel

Reducing machining cost is the main objective of manufacturing industry. The machining cost varies in compliance with tool cost, scrap cost, machine lead, tooling cost, etc. Particularly, tool cost and tool replacement time is the predominant one. Hence improving the tool life is a key factor to reduce the tooling cost. For that purpose, various tool surface modification techniques are employed commercially, such as nitriding, hard coating, heat treatments, cyaniding. In recent times, cryogenic treatment on cutting tool is employed for improving the life of the tool. In this comparative experimental study is organized to evaluate the effects of 24 hours deep cryogenic treated (CT) and untreated (UT) tungsten carbide inserts in turning of AISI 1040 (EN 8) steel. Tool wear rate (TWR) and surface roughness (Ra) are recorded and compared for both samples. Turning operation is follows the Taguchi's L9 OA for 3 factors and 3 levels. The deep cryo treated or Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) soaked insert gives the fewer tools wear and surface roughness than the untreated one. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), multi response approach is used for determining the optimal machining condition The ANOVA is carried out to examine the contribution of the individual parameters on the output responses.