A Survey on Efficient Spectrum Utilization for Future Wireless Networks Using Cognitive Radio Approach

The continuous evolution of wireless communication technology has developed many new paradigms like IOT, M2M communication and 5G. Due to the continuous deployment of wireless devices, radio spectrum has become one of the scarcest resources in wireless networks. Currently IOT and WSN's are operating under ISM band sustaining the interference from other existing communication networks. However it is also observed that, current spectrum utilization in the licensed spectrum bands is very less. Cognitive radio (CR) technology enables the transmission of unlicensed secondary users in licensed spectrum bands, while preventing incumbent transmission from harmful interference. Cognitive radio enabled communication is a promising technology towards effective spectrum utilization for future wireless communication networks. The competition for spectrum holes typically leads to misuse of frequency spectrum and causes harmful interference to incumbent services. Therefor there is a need for spectrum management framework to regulate the operation of CR based networks. In this paper, we study different spectrum management frameworks for cognitive radio enabled IOT, WSN and 5G cellular networks.