Wideband Dual-Resonant Fixed-Beam High Gain Patch Antenna Array

Designs of fixed-beam, high gain patch antenna arrays are presented. Wideband, dual-resonant circular sector patch elements with different flared angles are employed to implement four by one ( 4×1) E- and H-plane arrays. Empirical equations based on multi-mode resonance theory are presented to estimate the initial parameters of the antenna elements. Then, dual-resonant elements are used to design E-plane and H-plane arrays at 3.25-GHz band. As seen, the resultant arrays exhibit a usable bandwidth of 20%, high boresight gain up to 16.6dBi while maintain a low-profile of 0.05-guided wavelength.