Energy-Efficient Joint Power Allocation and Energy Cooperation for Hybrid-Powered Comp-Enabled HetNet

Base station (BS) coordination with respect to data and energy cooperation has recently emerged as a potential solution for enhancing the energy efficiency (EE) of multi-cell multi-tier cellular network architecture. This work studies the EE maximization problem in a hybrid-powered (grid and renewable energy source) heterogeneous network (HetNet) where the data and energy are jointly coordinated among the BSs. We propose a combinatorial optimization algorithm to maximize the system EE with the aim to reduce grid power consumption (GPC). Due to the complexity of the formulation, Lagrange dual decomposition and metaheuristic method are incorporated to solve the problem. Furthermore, the non-fractional programming EE problem is solved using the Dinkelbach's method which converges faster with a lower complexity. Simulation results show that cooperation among the BSs to share the channel information and energy reduces the GPC by nearly 20% and increases EE around 10% during harvested energy scarcity among the BSs.