RADAR based Object Detector using Ultrasonic Sensor

Target/object detection, recognition, position, movement speed, etc. is easy when the object is near or easily visible. But, the same doesn't stand true especially when the object is far or not visible due to so many factors like weather conditions, day/night cycle, etc. Therefore, Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR) was invented, which uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. But, it uses long time to detect, has short detection range, not target specific because of wide range, oversensitive, costly, etc. A cheaper, easy and effective alternate solution is to use ultrasonic sensor which use sound waves for detection and ranging. Therefore, this paper provides a method in which the Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04) acts as RADAR. The HC-RS04 is connected to Servo Motor (SG90) for the rotation/movement purpose. SIM808 module is also used to notify object detection via message/SMS. These components are connected to Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi3 for being processed to detect and notify the object. Usually, the range of ultrasonic wave is 20kHz but here the HC-SR04 range is 3cm to 4m as it is smaller in terms of project usage. Advantages are: it is not affected by color or transparency of objects, can be used in dark environments, not highly affected by dust, dirt, or high-moisture environments, etc. The results show the object detected with its range/distance and angle in a java based GUI, different ranges of object in cm at which it is detected and the detection message sent to the admin.