Coordinated Vehicle-to-Grid Scheduling to Minimize Grid Load Variance

This paper presents the Vehicle-to-Grid scheduling algorithm to minimize the grid load variance by utilizing the grid-connected electric vehicle battery. The algorithm performs in two modes, which are load leveling and peak load shaving. In the load leveling mode, the grid-connected electric vehicle is charged from the power grid and hence, increase the grid loading. Meanwhile, the grid loading is reduced in peak load shaving mode since electric vehicle discharges energy from the battery to support the power grid. Various constraints have been considered to ensure the practicality of this study. The Vehicle-to-Grid study was implemented in a commercial-residential area with electric vehicle mobility of 1300. Both uncoordinated charging and coordinated Vehicle-to-Grid scheduling were performed and compared. The results showed that the uncoordinated charging of electric vehicle will induce a new peak in the power grid load profile. On the other hand, the results showed that the proposed coordinated Vehicle-to-Grid scheduling algorithm successfully minimized the grid load variance while satisfying all the constraints and power grid requirements.