Time- Frequency Based Detection of Faulted Line and Fault Instant Using Wide Area Signals

The advancement in the field of power grid leads to a great challenge for engineers to maintain the reliability of power supply. Disturbance in terms of faults is one of the major threat which requires a fast and accurate methodology to detect and separate it as soon as possible. This paper presents a time-frequency based approach which is reliable in detecting and localizing the fault on the transmission line. Due to best mathematical properties among time-frequency analysis methods, Smoothed Pseudo Wigner-Ville Distribution (SPWVD) technique has been used. The associated bus and line with fault have been identified using SPWVD technique. Pseudo voltage phasor angle (PVPA) is determined, which requires voltage phasor information only, available through Phasor measurement unit (PMUs). The proposed technique contributes to detect the fault location in a very short time with low computational burden hence system restoration and control actions can be taken quickly to maintain the system stability. The proposed approach remains unaffected for different fault types, its location, fault resistance, and fault inception angle. The approach has been tested on Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 9-bus system.