FEM Based Study of Short Circuit Forces on Power Transformer Windings

The transient current in the transformer winding leads to deformation of core and winding. This paper examines the electromagnetic force and winding deformation occurring in the transformer due to short-circuit current. Axial and radial forces are generated in the transformer winding which leads to its distortion. This work aims to study about these mechanical forces and analyse its effect on a 3-phase, 3 leg, 66/11 KV transformer. Finite element analysis is done on a 40 MVA power transformer with the help of COMSOL Multiphysics. The study is important for designing the transformer in such a way to keep the damages originated due to abnormal conditions like faults and other transients at the bay. The electromagnetic force study is important for manufacturing and operational consideration.