A Market Framework for Holistic Congestion Management in Unbalanced Distribution Systems

The ongoing noticeable growth of energy demand in the world dramatically increases the thermally overloaded distribution lines, which can seriously threaten the security of distribution power systems. This paper proposes an electricity market framework in which renewable energy-based market participants are motivated to contribute to the “power system security” via congestion management. Moreover, the communications between market participants are supervised to manage the “data transmission traffic”. In addition, electric vehicles are customized to contribute to system security not only as flexible loads but also as virtual distributed generation (DG) units. Furthermore, administrative support of the distribution system operator is modeled in the introduced holistic scheme to take into account the scenarios in which market participants are unable to fully resolve congested distribution feeders in the system. The effectiveness of the proposed market mechanism is verified on a 136-bus “unbalanced” distribution network equipped with wind turbines and photovoltaic DGs.