New Suppression Technology for Low-Frequency Noise in Desert Region: The Improved Robust Principal Component Analysis Based on Prediction of Neural Network

Lots of low-frequency noise including random noise and surface waves seriously reduces the quality of desert seismic data. However, the suppression for desert low-frequency noise faces three main problems: nonstationary and non-Gaussian of random noise; strong energy of low-frequency noise; a more serious frequency-band overlap between effective signals and low-frequency noise. Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) is a classical low-rank matrix (LM) recovery method which is very suitable for processing nonlinear noise. It can decompose noisy data to the optimal LM and sparse matrix (SM), which include most effective signals and noise, respectively. Therefore, the RPCA is introduced to suppress desert low-frequency noise. However, due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and serious frequency-band overlap, much low-frequency noise still remains in the LM of desert seismic data after the decomposition of RPCA. Meanwhile, some nonnegligible effective signals are decomposed into the SM of desert seismic data. To solve this problem, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is introduced to extract effective signals from SM and LM. By constructing suitable training sets to guide the CNN's training, the CNN denoising models after training are used to predict the effective signals from these two matrices, respectively. In this article, to approach real desert seismic data, we use a variety of seismic wavelets to simulate different types of seismic events, and then use these synthetic seismic events and real desert low-frequency noise to construct training set. In experiments, our method can raise the SNR of synthetic noisy data from -8.69 to 9.63 dB.