Biometric Authentication in Health Care Sector: A Survey

The development of technology has affected the performance of the healthcare system globally. There is no denying the way that security is fundamental in-patient consideration. Health care records are essential to every patient and medical expert as well. There should be a system that only authorised person can get access to the patient record because if any unauthorised person gains access to the patient record, it can lead to the wrong medication or even the death of the patient. Identification of a person is a very challenging problem. The traditional method includes ID cards and password etc. It can be lost, misuse or can share among colleague. To overcome these limitations of traditional ways biometric authentication method introduced. Biometric as the identifier can play a significant role in maintaining security and privacy of healthcare system. Biometric identification is the measurable unique traits of the individual. It divides into two categories: first is physiological that includes the face, fingerprints, iris, retina and hand geometry. Second is behavioural that includes voice recognition, signature verification and keystroke dynamics. In this survey paper, we review different physical and behavioral biometric techniques that described in a different research paper in past decades; then we analyse findings and future direction of different papers separately based on physical and behavioural biometric methods. We provide a comparative analysis of all biometric techniques it will help out readers to get a better idea about different biometric technologies that which one will suit according to their needs and budget. We conclude that for identification, authentication, in healthcare sector there is a need of proper implementation of any of these biometric authentication techniques or the combination of different techniques properly, to provide advanced security and prevention from any security threats to patient records.