Space-Time Coding through Time-Modulated Arrays - State-of-the-Art and Recent Trend/Advances

This paper presents some recent advances in the synthesis of time-modulated arrays (TMA), focusing on the suitable optimization of the pulse sequences controlling the element excitations of the array for achieving constant instantaneous directivity. In particular, the synthesis of time- modulated linear arrays (TMLAs) taking into account the nonideal switches behavior and the electromagnetic coupling phenomena between real elements have been proposed as well as a study of the constant-directivity TMLAs used for enabling directional modulation for physical layer secure communications, by exploiting the replicas of the signal generated in the sideband radiation.