Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber with Small Effective Area and Zero Waveguide Dispersion

This paper presents the investigation of waveguide dispersion and effective area by modifying air hole layer sizes and numbers for hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The design and analysis of dispersion and effective area have been studied extensively for eight layers hexagonal PCF and six layers hexagonal PCF structure for a certain range of operating wavelengths. Modal analyses of the proposed geometries have been performed for wavelength from 1200 nm to 1600 nm. Achieving nearly zero dispersion and small effective area has been the main focus of this research work. Between the two structures, the six layers hexagonal PCF has shown excellent result like- zero dispersion from 1250 nm up to 1550 nm as well as large negative dispersion about -7893.33 ps/(nm.km) is achieved for 1600 nm where negative dispersion of approximately -3200 ps/(nm.km) is obtained for eight layers hexagonal PCF. The effective area is achieved around 3.9144 μm
²
and 3.9469 μm
²
for 1550 nm and 1575 nm respectively for six layers hexagonal PCF. Contrariwise, the effective area is achieved around 7.9481μm
²
and 8.0443 μm
²
for 1550 nm and 1575 nm respectively for eight layers hexagonal PCF and the proposed PCFs are expected to be useful for application oriented renowned field like nonlinear optics.