BRE-LEACH: A New Approach to Extend the Lifetime Of Wireless Sensor Network

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a current technology that is turning into very beneficial in the majority of military and civilian applications where power is the most questionable factor currently. This paper provides a new protocol improved of the LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) algorithm named BRE-LEACH (Balanced Residual Energy-LEACH) that objective to expand network lifetime through optimizing energy consumption, mainly based on the limits of LEACH and its derived algorithms. The process of our protocol is based on three factors: residual energy, distance to BS (Base Station) and multi-hop. Residual energy is the main element in the cluster head (CH) selection procedure to avoid the participation of low energy sensor nodes as a CH because it consumes more than a normal node. The BRE-LEACH selects the optimal path by choosing the CH which has the largest residual energy and minimum distance to BS as the root CH which aggregates data of other CHs and forward them to the BS. The farthest CHs use the multi-hop to achieve the root CH. The simulation results in MATLAB exhibit that our proposed protocol BRE-LEACH increases network lifetime by 55.73% compared with the LEACH algorithm.