Cyber Physical Systems and Internet of Things: Emerging Paradigms on Smart Cities

A city is smart when investment in traditional and modern infrastructure, human and social capital, fuel well being, high quality of life, and sustainable economic development. The Smart City paradigm is driven by technological evolution in the field of Information and Communication Technologies, and more specifically the paradigms of Internet of Things, Industrial Internet of Things and their confluence with Cyber Physical Systems. Smart Cities present a number of application domains that are related to their critical infrastructures, including energy and transport. These domains present needs similar to the industrial manufacturing environment utilizing smart devices and employing control automation for their applications. They could thus be labeled as “industrial domains” in the wider sense. This paper presents three application domains associated with Smart Cities, namely Smart Lighting, Smart Buildings / Energy, and Smart Urban Mobility, identifies their requirements and challenges and reviews existing solutions.