Agile capabilities in Moroccan companies: Criteria and practices

For many years, industrial companies have been confronted with environmental changes that have created complex, turbulent, and uncertain work environments. This uncertainty was seen as a negative phenomenon that pushed companies to experiment with new and more agile organizational forms. As a result, organizational agility has emerged as a positive response to environmental turbulence through the exploitation of agile capabilities. This research explores companies' perceptions of organizational agility in order to clarify this construct. To do this, we focus on the four foundational currents of agility, namely: Responsiveness, competency, flexibility and quickness. Thus, in a comparative approach, and starting from a qualitative approach with Moroccan companies, we seek to study the four agile capabilities by exploring their content, in particular the definition of these capabilities and their associated practices. Subsequently, we propose a classification of companies according to each capability.