An Evolutional Networking Model for Three-Dimensional Topology in Internet of Things

The research on three-dimensional topology is important for Internet of Thing. Small-world with shorter average path lengths has proven to be an effective model for building evolutional network topologies. In order to build three-dimensional topology in IoT, the ant colony algorithm is used to plan shortcuts in this paper. First, Gaussian integration is used to simulate the ups and downs of terrain in three-dimensional space. Second, a significant number of nodes are randomly deployed on the modeled terrain. Taking into account the information about slope and aspect around the node, the actual sensing range of the node is calculated. Third, a certain percentage of nodes are selected as super sensor nodes. Finally, the ant colony algorithm is used to add shortcuts between super sensor nodes. Extensive experimental results show that an energy-efficient three-dimensional network topology in IoT can be built by the algorithm.