An Ultra-Thin Compact Highly Efficient Π-Section CRLH–EBG Based Antenna for ISM Applications

An ultra-thin, compact, highly efficient, antenna based on the Π-section Composite Right/ Left-Handed (CRLH) methodology backed with a 2 × 2 Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) array is presented in this paper. The integrated design operates at 2.45 GHz of the ISM Band with simulated gain and total efficiency of 7.63 dBi and 94.6 %, respectively. Moreover, the antenna is printed over 100 μm flexible substrate while the EBG is printed on 0.8 mm substrate which makes the whole structure low profile. With such results, the integrated design is highly recommended for wearable applications. Results are achieved through circuit model and full wave electromagnetic simulations.