AgriSense: Automatic Irrigation Utility System Using Wireless Sensor Network and Web of Things

Traditional Agriculture method consumes a huge amount of fresh water for irrigation that needs to be optimized. This paper presents Web of Things (WoT) based an automatic WSN irrigation system that reduces fresh water consumption. The proposed irrigation system “AgriSense” contains three end nodes disseminated on the field, one router node, and one coordinator. Arduino Uno with Xbee and sensors (specifically temperature, humidity, and soil-moisture) opted for end nodes that send sensor data wirelessly to the coordinator using ZigBee protocol. Arduino Uno with relays works as router that operates water pump and valves. The Raspberry Pi board with Xbee acts as a coordinator node. Coordinator analyzes sensor data and commands the router to on/off the water pump and valves based on threshold values. Coordinator is also responsible for sensor data modeling with XML and XML/RDF data formats and sends these annotated sensor data to the web server. XML script is machine readable and widely used data format on the web and other platforms, thus it provides syntactical interoperability. The web server stores and parses this annotated sensor data and display it using graphical representation. This automatic irrigation system helps farmer to maximize yield with minimum human effort.