W-Band Gap Waveguide Antenna Array: Passive/Active Component Gap Waveguide Transition Interface for System Integration

Four W-band antenna arrays and two microstrip transitions based on gap waveguide (GWG) technology are summarized in this article. The arrays are implemented on the substrate to achieve a lightweight design for applications including small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The microstrip transitions are introduced for system integration between the antenna and the passive/active components. The theory, background, and evolution of the GWG, which was proposed by P.S. Kildal, are also described simply. Finally, the future development of the GWG based on microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology is discussed. The article aims to provide a solution for antenna and front-end designers, especially in the W-band.