Distance based Energy Efficient Cluster Head Selection for Wireless Sensor Networks

In Wireless Sensor Networks, power usage and power management are one of the crucial design concerns as it directly corresponds to the operational time of the network. Energy efficiency enhancement and system scalability can be significantly managed by means of clustering. In the clustering algorithms, the node which mainly faces energy depletion problem in very less time is the cluster head. In this paper, we present a well-designed algorithm based on clustering where the role of cluster head is divided into Primary Cluster Head (PCH) and Secondary Cluster Head (SCH) to adhere to the topological changes in the network. It also aims at selecting the sensors based on the residual energy to perform at their best. It makes use of the multihop characteristics and focuses on optimizing the cluster head selection based on their relative position and intelligently controls the topological changes in the network. The performance analysis of the proposed protocol is done by comparison with LEACH and TL-LEACH. The efficiency of the proposed protocol can be seen in the simulation results where it improves the network lifetime significantly and is advantageous in regard to the residual energy enhancement.