Optimal Sizing of Power–to–Gas Units toward Elevated Renewable Power Penetration

Recent studies suggest that power-to-gas (PtG) facilities can take part in leveraging the penetration of large scale renewable resources in integrated energy systems. PtG units operate as flexible load that absorbs electric power in the process to produce hydrogen or synthetic natural gas. In this paper an optimization based model is presented for sizing PtG units co-operated with existing gas-fired generation (GfG) within an integrated power and gas networks penetrated with renewable energy sources. The objective is to maximize the arbitrage revenue of the facility and increase the renewable energy penetration while maintaining operation constraints in the integrated system. Case studies are conducted on a test system using real world historical data to illustrate the proposed approach.