Improving English Learning through Game Using 6–11 MDA Framework

At the moment, people can learn from their gadget through learning sites, applications, or games. However, to improve users' motivation, learning tool must be appealing. Researches have introduced the concept of gamification to make learning more entertaining. The primary purpose of this research is to understand how the proposed gamification elements using Mechanics, Dynamics, and Aesthetics (MDA) framework improve users' motivation and learning outcomes in English learning. For this research, we use six to eleven framework defining six aspects of emotion and eleven aspects of instinct. We collected users' scores then analyzed them by using a t-test. We also used a questionnaire to access the users' experience. The results suggest that most of the respondents are motivated to learn more deeply. We conclude that the proposed gamification elements improve users' motivation and learning outcomes.