An Enhanced Energy Efficient Routing Method for Mobile Sink Using Ant Colony Optimisation Based Clustering in WSN

WSNs are composed of hundreds or thousands of tiny sensors that monitor the environment and send the gathered information to the base station. Since the sensors are typically powered by tiny irreplaceable batteries which usually cannot be recharged, the design of an energy efficient routing algorithm is an important research issue for wireless sensor networks. The sensor devices near the base station will be always busy with data transfer. Due to continuous data transfer these end nodes near the base station suffer from resource exhaustion. The revolution of mobile sink introduction in to the wireless sensor networks balance the load on the end nodes, by distributing the load with large number of nodes in the networks. Mobile sink moves throughout the network and collect the information from the nodes. Mobile sinks will save the resources in the WSNs and increases the life time of the WSNs by decreased multi hop communication. This paper proposes an enhanced routing method for the mobile sink which uses Ant colony optimisation for finding out the optimised path. Data gathering of the mobile sink is made effective by using an efficient clustering strategy which uses an energy efficient methodology for cluster head selection. A significant strategy for notifying the position of the mobile sink to the sensor nodes is also adopted.