Particle Swarm Optimization Based Deployment for WSN with the Existence of Obstacles

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) become a more significant topic with attracting researchers interest. The application of this topic has expanded in many domains including both civilian and military sectors. One of the sub-categories of deployment is to move the sensors from random initial positions to last deployment positions obtained by the optimization algorithm. The optimization has to minimize energy consumption and maximize the lifetime of the network. In this article, a modification of particle swarm optimization PSO-based deployment by modifying the objective function to take into consideration the existence of the obstacles. Another modification was made to do smart initialization of the sensors within a circular area centered at the locations of the initial deployment. The comparison results have shown the modified algorithm outperformed the benchmark in terms of the fitness values as well as the lifetime and the consumed energy of the sensors.