Energy-Efficient Rotary-Wing UAV Deployment Under Flight Dynamics and QoS Constraints

Energy efficiency will be one of the most important issues in regard to green communication and smart cities due to the boost in the number of devices in the beyond 5G networks. One type of these devices is the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that are expected to solve the coverage area, high data rate, and low latency problems of wireless communication in the future. Thus, energy-efficient deployment of the UAVs becomes a critical topic. In this paper, we have investigated that energy-efficient deployment problem of UAV with considering flight dynamics and QoS of the user to be served. First, the power consumption of a UAV during hovering is obtained by using the momentum and blade element theory. Then, while using a UAV as a flying base station, we propose a communication problem which aims to maximize the number of users that get service in an arbitrary geographic region under flight dynamics and QoS constraints. In our scenario, users in the network are assured the minimum mean SNR whereas the power consumption of the UAV is restricted with a certain amount of hovering power because of flight time considerations. In the numerical results, it is stated that while the power consumed in electrical circuitry and control units is around tens of watts, the required power for hovering is in the order of thousand watts. It is also shown that the hovering power depends on the altitudes of the cities on which the network is constructed. At the end of the paper, results for the proposed communication problem are provided.