Planning and Overall Economic Evaluation of Photovoltaic-Energy Storage Station Based on Game Theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process

With the application of energy storage systems in photovoltaic power generation, the selection and optimal capacity configuration of energy storage batteries at photovoltaic-energy storage stations (PESS) are becoming more and more important. Aiming at the overall economics of the PESS in the scenario of tracking the planning output, a capacity configuration and economic evaluation method of the PESS based on game theory and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed. Taking the minimum discarded photovoltaic power and the maximum net income of the PESS as objective functions, a comprehensive model of the PESS is built according to the historical data of the PESS. Combined with the characteristics of different electrochemical energy storage batteries, the relationships among the net income of the PESS, the depths of discharge (DODs) and the capacity of the energy storage batteries are analyzed. When the amount of the discarded photovoltaic power is zero, a selection and capacity configuration model of the energy storage batteries based on game theory is established, and the firefly algorithm (FA) is adopted to solve the model. Starting from the comprehensive evaluation indexes of the PESS, the hierarchical analysis structure under different energy storage schemes is discussed, and the AHP is employed to realize the overall economic evaluation of the PESS, in which the weight of the evaluation indexes in different energy storage schemes is calculated by the entropy weight method. The effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method are verified through the simulation analysis of the actual operation data of a certain PESS in China. The simulation results show that the selection and optimal capacity configuration of the energy storage batteries have an important impact on the overall economics of the PESS, and the overall economics of the PESS obtained by three types of electrochemical energy storage batteries is the highest income of 249.5 Million $, which can provide a theoretical basis for the planning of the PESS and has certain engineering application prospects.