Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units for Observability of Mazandaran Transmission and Sub-Transmission Networks

This article, focuses on optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMU) in transmission and sub-transmission networks of Mazandaran province, as a practical network. An algorithm for optimal PMU placement by using genetic algorithm is presented. The objective function of presented model is minimizing the number of PMUs in a network and observability rules are assumed as the problem constraints. As the genetic algorithm is a stochastic optimization tool for optimizing problems, the algorithm is executed many times to find the optimal solutions. The effectiveness of the presented model is verified using standard networks including IEEE 14, 30, 39, 57 and 118 bus test systems. Finally, the result of applying the model on practical Mazandaran province network indicates that the presented model can be used in real networks and make the sub-transmission network observable with minimum number of PMUs.