A Fully/Independently Tunable Voltage-mode PID Controller Using Voltage Differencing Gain Amplifiers with Electronic Method

This paper presents a new voltage-mode (VM) proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller based on voltage differencing gain amplifier (VDGA). The developed PID controller has minimum component, consisting of two VDGAs and two capacitors. The proposed circuit offers advantage of fully/electronically independent tunability of PID parameters. The PSpice simulation results demonstrating the performances of the proposed PID controller are given. Additionally, a closed-loop control system with second-order low pass filter as an example is introduced. The total power consumption in the closed-loop control system obtained approximately 2. SSmW, at ±1.5V supply voltage.