Cooperative Bargaining Based Hierarchical Spectrum Allocation Scheme for 5G Heterogeneous Networks

Fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks are proposed to meet the increasing application traffic data, which will expand rapidly. To meet this increasing data challenge, the heterogeneous ultra-dense network (HetUDN) is one of the key technologies. In this paper, we focus on the spectrum allocation problem in the HetUDN system. To enhance both spectrum efficiency and quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning, we present a novel HetUDN spectrum allocation scheme. By using right-egalitarian, extended right-egalitarian, and sequential Raiffa bargaining solutions, the proposed scheme can adaptively allocate the limited spectrum resource. To reduce the computation complexity, these bargaining solutions are hierarchically applied. Based on the characteristics of each solution, our approach can dynamically select the most adaptable allocation policy and takes various benefits in a rational way while accommodating the cascade interactions. Through simulation results, we can validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed scheme. Finally, we confirm that system throughput, fairness, and service blocking probability can be improved with the proposed approach compared with the existing state-of-the-art protocols.