Dielectric Material for the Electron Accelerator Vacuum Chamber

Ever since the first particle accelerator appeared in the early twentieth century, the vacuum chamber of any accelerator has been made of metals such as stainless steel or aluminum. These metals have not only an advantage of maintaining ultra-high vacuum but other advantages such as strength and durability. However, the image current induced on the metal chamber surface by charged particles moving inside the chamber is a main cause for instabilities occurring inside the charged particle beam. This paper shows that dielectric vacuum chamber made of such materials as ceramic or glass can be used for electron accelerators without generating image current and instabilities. This paper also shows how to resolve problems coming from dielectric vacuum chamber including charging effect and static charges.