Orbital Angular Momentum Uniform Circular Antenna Array Design and Optimization-Based Array Factor

In this paper, the uniform circular array (UCA) factor formulation is used in cylindrical coordinates, to express the electric field of antennas arrayed for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM). Using MATLAB, the OAM UCA factor can be optimized for the number of elements and radius of the array. Results are verified using ANSYS HFSS for an 8-element microstrip patch UCA at 73 GHz. The phase distribution, radiation peak and sidelobe levels are predicted with the code which gives a fast way to design arrays and study tradeoffs without having to run lengthy electromagnetic simulations.