A Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna Comprising Rectangular Loops with Gaps for GNSS Receivers

The demand for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) has increased. In this paper, a circularly polarized metasurface antenna comprising rectangular loops with gaps for GNSS receivers in the L1 band is proposed. A loop-type Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is adopted to lower antenna height and enhance antenna gain. The Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) bandwidth (≤2) for the proposed antenna is 20.7%. The Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth (≤3 dB) for the proposed antenna is 18.6%. The proposed antenna achieves broadband VSWR and AR frequency characteristics with a single feed and the antenna height of 0.10 wavelengths. The proposed antenna is suitable for GNSS receivers due to its low profile structure.