Optimization Techniques in Modern Times and Their Applications

In the real world we encounter problems in many areas such as mathematics, engineering, science, business and economics, e.g. in product and process design, production, traffic control, scheduling and even strategic planning. Optimization is a discipline of dealing with such problems where one has to minimize or maximize one or more objectives that are functions of some integer or real variables without exploiting the given constraints. In this paper, various optimization techniques like a Genetic Algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization, Butterfly Optimization, Pattern Search, Particle Swarm Optimization have been successfully applied in solving different problems. Due to the numerous optimization techniques available nowadays the solution to complex problems can be found. The results confirm superior performance of the proposed algorithms while solving many real-world problems.