Design and Implementation of Digital Energy Meters with Power Factor Measurement and Load Indication Feature

Technology is developing at a fast pace, and so is energy consumption. There is an immediate need for us to transcend from electromechanical meters which measure the energy to digital meters which calibrate it efficiently. The widely used electro mechanical meters are susceptible to changes in temperature and time as a consequence of the mechanical components present in the meter. There are problems associated with the meter reading collection and generation of the bill. The primary objective is to build an energy meter which is able to calibrate the energy accurately, able to determine whether the load is leading or lagging without any human interference and also to make it serve as an communication interface between the consumer and producer. The power factor is measured using XOR logic and the type of load is determined by the microcontroller based on the XOR logic. This helps the consumer gain an insight on what kind of load he/she is consuming, how much reactive power and real power are they paying for and help them control their energy expenses by the real time data analysis. The producers would have a clear idea of demand and supply at instant of time.