A Novel Framework for Smart Crop Monitoring Using Internet of Things (IOT)

Agriculture is one of the area which required urgent attention and advancement for high yield and efficient utilization of resources. In this paper an approach of smart crop monitoring is presented through Internet of things (IOT). A 4 level framework is proposed namely sensing devices, sensor data level, base station level, edge computing and cloud data level for smart crop monitoring. Method proposed here focuses on analysing the soil nutrients (eg. NPK), soil moisture, temperature and humidity through a sensor node designed using arduino. Sensor node also consists of a wireless Zigbee module, metos NPK sensor, motor and water sprinklers. LAN of sensor node is designed using Zigbee and LEACH routing protocol is used for hopping. Collected data at gateway is being uploaded to cloud using an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module. An experimental setup was made in the field. Various data collected, analyzed and necessary information was sent to farmers for appropriate action. The data collected at cloud is analysed using machine learning technique and available to the farmers through soil nutrient index to monitor their soil nutrient requirements and ensure better crop yield.