Toward Interference Aware IoT Framework: Energy and Geo-Location-Based-Modeling

In multi-hop wireless communication, a sensor node should consume its energy efficiently for relaying of data packets. However, most IoT-devices are equipped with limited battery power and computing resources for wireless communications, and thus energy optimization becomes one of the major concerns in wireless sensors routing design. The wireless technologies usually use unlicensed frequency bands of 2.4 GHz to transmit the data. Due to the broadcasting medium, the wireless transmission interferes with the reception of surrounding radios. As a result, data transmission failure increases resulting in low-communication quality. Therefore, one of the best solutions to this problem is to select the hop distance node that has a few neighbor nodes to disseminate packets until it reaches the ultimate receiver. The proposed routing selects the node that has few neighboring nodes and thus less interference. In another word, the scheme finds a better load balancing, and thus minimizes the probability of overload on a sensor node. It also introduces a new clustering algorithm around a single base station to shorten the transmission distances. This approach periodically selects the cluster heads (CHs) according to its location based distance from the final destination. The extensive simulation studies reveal that the proposed algorithm finds the best routing node and clustering formation to forward the traffic and thereby minimizes the interference ratio. In addition, the proposed protocol achieves low-energy consumption and longer network lifetime than other popular protocols.